The Impact of Parenting on Children's Problematic Behavior: A Behavioristic Analysis of The Character Zain Al-Rafeea in The Film Capernaum
Abstract
This study will examine the problematic behaviors exhibited by the character Zain Al-Rafeea in the film Capernaum, analyzing these behaviors as a consequence of the parenting patterns employed by his parents. The method used in analyzing problematic characters and behavior is by using the behavioristic analysis method, which examines the relationship between stimuli and responses to understand how parenting influence shapes behavior. The approach used in this study is qualitative using library research with data collection techniques through observation and documentation in the Capernaum film which will be presented in descriptive form. The results of this research show that the problematic behavior shown by Zain Al-Rafeea, such as stealing, speaking harshly, running away from home, and getting involved in physical conflict with adults, is a conditioned response that is attached and connected to the stimulus resulting from his parents' parenting style. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the fields of education, psychology, and child welfare by identifying risk factors that contribute to the emergence of problematic behavior in children. This study is also expected to increase public awareness of the importance of positive parenting patterns in shaping healthy child development.
Downloads
References
Bi, X., Yang, Y., Li, H., Wang, M., Zhang, W., & Deater-Deckard, K. (2018). Parenting styles and parent-adolescent relationships: The mediating roles of behavioral autonomy and parental authority. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02187
Darling, N., & Steinberg, L. (2017). Parenting Style as Context: An Integrative Model. Interpersonal Development, 113(3), 161–170. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351153683-8
Gershoff, E. T. (2002). Corporal punishment by parents and associated child behaviors and experiences: A meta-analytic and theoretical review. Psychological Bulletin, 128(4), 539–579. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.128.4.539
Handayani, P. A., & Lestari, T. (2021). Pola Asuh Orang Tua terhadap Perkembangan Moral dan Pola Pikir Anak. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 5(3), 6400–6404. Retrieved from https://www.jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/view/1959
Hardianti F dan Adawiyah R. (2022). Dampak pola asuh orang tua terhadap pembentukan karakter anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 4(01), 13067–13075. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/ 10.29408/goldenage.v7i01.17444
Haryanto, S. (2020). Psikologi Behaviorisme (Perilaku Universal Binatang & Manusia). Banjarmasin: CV. Garuda Mas Sejahtera.
Jones, J. D., Cassidy, J., & Shaver, P. R. (2015). Parents’ Self-Reported Attachment Styles: A Review of Links with Parenting Behaviors, Emotions, and Cognitions. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 19(1), 44–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868314541858
Kausar, R., & Afaq, U. (2024). The Effects of Parenting Styles on Child Development. Children, 7(2), 856–866. Retrieved from https://www.jahan-e-tahqeeq.com/index.php/jahan-e-tahqeeq/article/view/1528/1409
Kawabata, Y., Alink, L. R. A., Tseng, W. L., van Ijzendoorn, M. H., & Crick, N. R. (2011). Maternal and paternal parenting styles associated with relational aggression in children and adolescents: A conceptual analysis and meta-analytic review. Developmental Review, 31(4), 240–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2011.08.001
Lorence, B., Hidalgo, V., Pérez-Padilla, J., & Menéndez, S. (2019). The role of parenting styles on behavior problem profiles of adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(15), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152767
Maag, J. W. (2001). Rewarded by punishment: Reflections on the disuse of positive reinforcement in schools. Exceptional Children, 67(2), 173–186. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440290106700203
Maccoby, E. E. (1992). The role of parents in the socialization of children: an historical overview. (American Psychology Association Centennial Feature). Developmental Psychology, 28(6), 1006–1017. https://doi.org/10.1037/10155-021
Nikishyna, A., Didenko, Z., & Maksymova, I. (2023). The importance of positive reinforcement in today’s teaching. 5(27), 226–233. https://doi.org/10.24919/2308-4863/61-2-48
Nuraeni, F., & Lubis, M. (2022). Pola Asuh Orang Tua dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Anak. Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Undiksha, 10(1), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.23887/paud.v10i1.46054
Nurfirdaus, B. N. (2024). Pola Asuh untuk Menumbuhkan Karakter Moderat pada Anak. 7(2), 69–76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37567/syiar.v7i2.2554
Perez-Gramaje, A. F., Garcia, O. F., Reyes, M., Serra, E., & Garcia, F. (2020). Parenting Styles and Aggressive Adolescents: Relationships with Self-esteem and Personal Maladjustment. The Europen Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 12(1), 43–51. https://doi.org/ejpalc2020a1
Priyana, Y. (2023). Hubungan antara Perilaku Overprotective Orang Tua dan Penyesuaian Diri Remaja: Tinjauan Faktor-faktor Mediasi dan Moderasi. Jurnal Psikologi Dan Konseling West Science, 1(03), 145–152. https://doi.org/10.58812/jpkws.v1i03.426
Ramadhan, T., Santosa, S., Wijayanti, I. D., & Karimah, V. H. (2024). Teori Behaviourisme Menurut Pavlov Dalam Pembelajaran Permulaan Calistung. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 09. https://doi.org/jp.v9i2.15816
Schultz, D., & Schultz, S. (2021). Kelahiran Behaviorisme: Seri Sejarah Psikologi Modern (L. Hardian, trans.). Bandung: Nusa Media.
Setiawan, M. A. (2017). Belajar Dan Pembelajaran Tujuan Belajar Dan Pembelajaran. In Uwais Inspirasi Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.coursehero.com/file/52663366/Belajar-dan-Pembelajaran1-convertedpdf/
Sumargi, A. M., Prasetyo, E., & Ardelia, B. W. (2020). Parenting Styles and Their Impacts on Child Problem Behaviors. Jurnal Psikologi, 19(3), 269–285. https://doi.org/10.14710/jp.19.3.269-285
Susanto, P. (2018). Belajar Tuntas: Filosofi, Konsep, dan Implementasi. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Syifauzakia, Ariyanto, B., & Aslina, Y. (2021). Dasar-Dasar Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Malang: CV. Literasi Nusantara Abadi.
Copyright (c) 2024 Eky Adelia Sari, Sofa Muthohar

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right to first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution that allows the sharing of articles published with the acknowledgement of authorship and the initial publication in this magazine.
2) The authors are authorized to make additional contracts separately for distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (for example, publication in an institutional repository or as a chapter of the book), as long as there is recognition of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are authorized and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their personal pages) at any time before or during the editorial process, as it increases the impact and reference of the published work.