Konsep Akhlak Mulia dalam Tutur Kata Menurut Tafsir Al-Azhar: Sebuah Pendekatan Etika Komunikasi dan Maqāṣidī
Abstract
This study explores the concept of noble character (akhlāq karīmah) in verbal communication based on Tafsir al-Azhar by Buya Hamka, employing a thematic (mawḍū‘ī) approach to Qur'anic interpretation. The research addresses the increasing degradation of ethical discourse in Indonesia's public sphere, particularly in digital and political contexts. By analyzing key Qur'anic verses—such as QS. Al-Baqarah [2]:83, QS. Al-Isrā’ [17]:53, and QS. Al-Ḥujurāt [49]:12—alongside Hamka’s commentary, this paper highlights the integrative ethical framework within Islamic communication. The findings demonstrate that Buya Hamka emphasizes three core principles: honesty, kindness and politeness in speech, and linguistic accuracy in social interactions. These values are linked to the higher objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah), particularly hifẓ al-nafs (protection of life), hifẓ al-‘aql (protection of reason), and hifẓ al-‘irdh (protection of dignity). Furthermore, the study incorporates contemporary sociological and communicative theories to contextualize Hamka's interpretations, showing their continued relevance in fostering moral discourse in today’s society.
References
Alawi, Asep Habib Idrus. “Pendidikan Penguatan Karakter Melalui Pembiasaan Akhlak Mulia.” Qiro’ah : Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam 9, no. 1 (3 Juni 2019): 16–29. https://doi.org/10.33511/qiroah.v9n1.16-29.
Amrullah, Haji Abdulmalik Abdulkarim. Tafsir al-Azhar. Vol. 9. Singapore: Pustaka Nasional PTE LTD, 1989. google.
———. Tafsir al-Azhar. Vol. 6. Singapore: Pustaka Nasional PTE LTD, 1989. google.
———. Tafsir al-Azhar. Vol. 1. Singapore: Pustaka Nasional PTE LTD, 1989.google.
Anto, Puji, dan Tri Anita. “Tembang Macapat sebagai Penunjang Pendidikan Karakter.” DEIKSIS 11, no. 01 (6 Februari 2019): 77. https://doi.org/10.30998/deiksis.v11i01.3221.
Arindita, Maghfira Septi, Meila Asfi Raykhani, Naufal Ra’uf, Rulyn Ardianoor, dan Yayat Suharyat. “Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Komunikasi Islam.” Religion : Jurnal Agama, Sosial, Dan Budaya 1, no. 5 (26 September 2022): 12–25. https://doi.org/10.55606/religion.v1i5.17.
Binjabi, Dr Najah Mohammed Yousef Fathi. “Noble Morals in the Quran, Sunnah, and Rules of Engagement.” Journal of Research in Curriculum Instruction and Educational Technology 10, no. 2 (1 Juli 2024): 247–94. https://doi.org/10.21608/jrciet.2024.363674.
Costello, Barbara J., dan John H. Laub. “Social Control Theory: The Legacy of Travis Hirschi’s Causes of Delinquency.” Annual Review of Criminology 3, no. Volume 3, 2020 (13 Januari 2020): 21–41. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-criminol-011419-041527.
Herry-Priyono, B. Anthony Giddens: Suatu Pengantar. Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, 2016.google.
Hia, Robeti. “Konsep Relasi Manusia Berdasarkan Pemikiran Martin Buber.” Melintas An International Journal of Philosophy and Religion (MIJPR) 30, no. 3 (2014): 303–22. https://doi.org/10.26593/mel.v30i3.1448.303-322.
Hibatillah, Hammad Mutawakkil, dan Husni Husni. “The Concpet of Akhlaq in Islamic Educational Curriculum.” Educational Review: International Journal 19, no. 2 (23 November 2022): 109–26. https://acasch.com/index.php/er/article/view/30.
Hopkins, Belinda. Restorative Theory in Practice: Insights Into What Works and Why. United States: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2015. google.
“Kampanye Pemilu 2024, Ujaran Kebencian terhadap Kelompok Minoritas Meningkat | AJI - Aliansi Jurnalis Independen.” Diakses 30 Mei 2025. https://aji.or.id/informasi/kampanye-pemilu-2024-ujaran-kebencian-terhadap-kelompok-minoritas-meningkat.
Kandias, Muhammad Rizki Nur, dan Nia Karniawati. “Fenomena Partisipasi Masyarakat Kota Bandung Dalam Pemilihan Presiden 2024 Melalui Media Tiktok.” Jurnal Politik Dan Pemerintahan Daerah 6, no. 1 (15 Mei 2024): 24–33. https://doi.org/10.36355/jppd.v6i1.140.
Kurniawati, Erna. “Analisis Prinsip-Prinsip Komunikasi Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an” 12, no. 2 (2019). https://doi.org/10.31332/am.v12i2.1545
Maksudin. “Uncovering the Moral Nexus, Morality, Akhlaq, and Character in Islamic Religious Education: A Comprehensive Conceptual Analysis.” Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam 20, no. 1 (30 Juni 2023): 123–35. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v20i1.7028.
Mismubarak, Mismubarak. “Integrasi Agama dan Politik (Tela’ah Pemikiran Hamka terhadap ayat-ayat Politik dalam Tafsir al-Azhar).” Masters, Institut PTIQ Jakarta, 2019. https://repository.ptiq.ac.id/id/eprint/78/.
Muna, Nailil. “Metode Tafsir Mawḍū’ī: Studi Komparatif Antara Muhammad Al-Ghazālī Dan Abd Al-Ḥayy Al-Farmāwī.” Al Itqan: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur’an 4, no. 2 (13 Agustus 2018): 127–54. https://doi.org/10.47454/itqan.v4i2.687.
Munasir. “Ontologi, Epistemologi, Dan Aksiologi Akhlak Dalam Konsep Pendidikan Umum.” AL-KAINAH: Journal of Islamic Studies 1, no. 2 (28 Desember 2022): 84–103. https://doi.org/10.69698/jis.v1i2.15.
Mustika, Hilda Asani. “Vernakularisasi Dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar (Studi Analisis Ayat-Ayat Amar Makrūf Nahi Munkar).” Universitas Islam Negeri Profesor Kiai Haji Saifuddin Zuhri, 2024. https://repository.uinsaizu.ac.id/24207/
Mz, Syamsul Rizal. “Akhlak Islami Perspektif Ulama Salaf.” Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 7, no. 01 (16 April 2018): 67–100. https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v7i01.212.
Nasution, Abdul Gani Jamora, Alifia Bilqish, Abdal Rizky Munthe, dan Nabila Suhaila Lubis. “Narasi Kepribadian Nabi Muhammad Saw sebagai Teladan pada Buku SKI Tingkat MI/SD.” Al-DYAS 2, no. 1 (1 Februari 2023): 30–36. https://doi.org/10.58578/aldyas.v2i1.828.
Nguyen, Minh Hao, Jonathan Gruber, Will Marler, Amanda Hunsaker, Jaelle Fuchs, dan Eszter Hargittai. “Staying Connected While Physically Apart: Digital Communication When Face-to-Face Interactions Are Limited.” New Media & Society 24, no. 9 (1 September 2022): 2046–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820985442.
Nurhadi, Nurhadi, dan Alfen Khairi. “Analisis Kitab Adab Al-Mufrad Karya Imam Bukhari Tentang Pendidikan Adab Dan Relevansinya Terhadap Pendidikan Karakter Di Indonesia | Palapa.” Palapa : Jurnal Studi Keislaman Dan Ilmu Pendidikan 8, no. 1 (18 Mei 2020). https://ejournal.stitpn.ac.id/index.php/palapa/article/view/703.
Nuryanti, Sri. “Populism in Indonesia: Learning from the 212 Movement in Response to the Blasphemy Case against Ahok in Jakarta.” Leiden: Brill, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004444461_011.
Okumuş, Fatih. “The Prophet as Example.” Studies in Interreligious Dialogue 18, no. 1 (2008): 82–95. https://doi.org/10.2143/SID.18.1.2031612.
Pandarangga, Salmon. “A Study of Avoidance Strategy of Face Threat of Native Speaker and Non-Native Speaker by Using Goffman’s Face-Work Theory.” Ijee (Indonesian Journal Of English Education) 2, no. 2 (25 Oktober 2015): 188–201. https://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/ijee/article/view/3087.
Ramadhani, M. Kelfin Gilang. “Etika Islami Dalam Berkomentar Di Instagram @Taubatters: Kajian Terhadap Fatwa Mui Tentang Muamalah Di Media Sosial.” Syiar: Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Penyiaran Islam 4, no. 1 (5 Juni 2024): 15–30. https://doi.org/10.54150/syiar.v4i1.265.
Rizqian, Dimas Rahman. “Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Perspektif Teori Tindakan Komunikatif Jurgen Habermas.” Jurnal El-Hamra : Kependidikan Dan Kemasyarakatan 8, no. 2 (30 Juni 2023): 71–86. https://doi.org/10.62630/elhamra.v8i2.121.
Sa’idah, Rahmatus. “Peran Ayah Dalam Pendidikan Anak Menurut Al-Qur’an.” Jurnal Kreatifitas : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Islam 9, no. 1 (2020). https://ojs.diniyah.ac.id/index.php/Kreatifitas/article/view/113
Satriah, Satriah. “Prinsip-Prinsip Kesantunan Berbahasa Dalam Islam.” Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan & Sosial (Sinova) 2, no. 01 (30 Januari 2024): 61–68. https://doi.org/10.71382/sinova.v2i01.78.
Setiono, Setiono. “Pendidikan Akhlak Dalam Q.S. Al-Qashash Ayat 76 – 81 Tafsir Al-Mishbah Karya M. Quraish Shihab.” Ulil Albab : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin 2, no. 2 (16 Januari 2023): 597–608. https://doi.org/10.56799/jim.v2i2.1141.
Sofyana, Nur Laylu, dan Budi Haryanto. “Menyoal Degradasi Moral Sebagai Dampak Dari Era Digital.” Jurnal Manajemen Dan Pendidikan Islam 3, no. 4 (6 Juli 2023): 223–35. https://ejournal.penerbitjurnal.com/index.php/JMPI/article/view/441.
Soid, Muhammad Fatih, Nanang Fauzi, dan Efrita Norman. “Effective Communication in Building Healthy and Productive Relationships.” MES Management Journal 4, no. 1 (4 Januari 2025): 662–71. https://doi.org/10.56709/mesman.v4i1.631.
Susanto, Joko. “Etika Komunikasi Islami.” Waraqat : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman 1, no. 1 (2016): 24–24. https://doi.org/10.51590/waraqat.v1i1.28.
Syukur, Agus. “Akhlak Terpuji Dan Implementasinya Di Masyarakat.” Misykat Al-Anwar Jurnal Kajian Islam Dan Masyarakat 3, no. 2 (4 Juli 2020): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.24853/ma.3.2.1-22.
Zurawlew, Tomasz. “Language as an Object of Ethical Reflection. A Turn Towards the Attitude of Taking Responsibility for Words.” Kościół i Prawo 12, no. 2 (2023): 127–43. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=1221965.
