Rehabilitasi Psikologis Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Rumah Tangga: Rekonstruksi Hukum Keluarga Islam dalam Konteks Kontemporer
Abstract
This research departs from the fundamental problem that the normative construction of Islamic family law still tends to be oriented towards the legal-formal regulation of husband-wife relations and has not adequately positioned the psychological rehabilitation of female victims of domestic violence (KDRT) as an inherent legal need, even though the psychological impact on victims is severe and long-term. This research aims to critically analyze the position of psychological rehabilitation of victims of KDRT in Islamic family law, identify the limitations of the classical fiqh approach and applicable family law regulations, and formulate a reconstruction model of Islamic family law that is oriented towards the psychological recovery of victims in the context of contemporary Muslim society. The theoretical framework used is the concept of mu‘āsyarah bi al-ma‘rūf, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, and maṣlaḥah al-Ghazālī, with a normative legal research method enriched with a socio-legal approach; Primary data sources include the Qur'an, hadith, classical and contemporary fiqh literature, and laws and regulations related to domestic violence and Islamic family law, collected through systematic literature studies and analyzed qualitatively and conceptually. The results of the study indicate that psychological rehabilitation of female victims of domestic violence meets the qualifications of maṣlaḥah darūriyyah and therefore can be reconstructed as a normative obligation in Islamic family law, which is implemented through reorientation of religious court practices, strengthening women's rights after violence, and integration of trauma-based recovery services. This study recommends that national policies, particularly in the renewal of Islamic family law, religious court guidelines, and integrated service systems for victims of domestic violence, explicitly integrate psychological rehabilitation as a mandatory part of women's legal protection to ensure sustainable and equitable recovery.
Downloads
References
Anggraini, A. D. (2024). Potret Kekerasan Berbasis Gender terhadap Perempuan di Indonesia: Naiknya Angka KDRT 2024. GoodStats.id
Aranda-Hughes, V., Mullet, N., Diamond-Welch, B., Edwards, K. M., Pierskalla, C., Swallow, A., Herrington, R., Hunt, K., & Cornelius, S. (2025). Intimate Partner Violence and Well-Being Among Indigenous Women: The Impact of Social Reactions on Trauma and Mental Health. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605251400738
Arroyo, K., Lundahl, B., Butters, R., Vanderloo, M., & Wood, D. S. (2017). Short-Term Interventions for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse, 18(2), 155–171. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838015602736
Aznar, M. P. M. (2004). The impact of domestic violence on the health of abused women. Psicothema, 16(3), 397–401.
DRJ. (2025). Kasus KDRT Meningkat Tajam: 21.117 Laporan Sepanjang 2025, Mayoritas Korban Perempuan. MinakoNesw.com.
Eby, K. K. (2004). Exploring the stressors of low-income women with abusive partners: Understanding their needs and developing effective community responses. Journal of Family Violence, 19(4), 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOFV.0000032632.59865.8e
Félix Cova, S., Ma. Paz Domarchi, G., Carol Garrido, C., Ivania Mundaca, L., Paulina Rincón, G., Pamela Troncoso, V., & Paulina Vidal, S. (2010). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in female victims of domestic violence. Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 48(2), 114–122.
Ferrari, G., Agnew-Davies, R., Bailey, J., Howard, L., Howarth, E., Peters, T. J., Sardinha, L., & Feder, G. S. (2016). Domestic violence and mental health: A cross-sectional survey of women seeking help from domestic violence support services. Global Health Action, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.3402/gha.v9.29890
Garcia, E. R., Stoever, J. K., Wang, P., & Yim, I. S. (2021). Empowerment, Stress, and Depressive Symptoms Among Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence Attending Personal Empowerment Programs. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(19–20), 9557–9579. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519869693
Ghazali, A. H. M. Al. (1995). Shifā’ al-ghalīl fī bayān al-shabah wa al-mukhīl wa masālik al-ta‘līl. Matba’ah Al Irshad.
Ghazali, A. H. M. Al. (2004). Al-Mustaṣfā min ‘Ilm al-Uṣūl. Dar al Kutub Al Ilmiyah.
Gomes, N. P., Diniz, N. M. F., Gesteira, S. M. A., Paixão, G. P. N., & Couto, T. M. (2012). The experience and impact of domestic violence: Women’s discourse. Revista Enfermagem, 20(SUPPL. 1), 585–590.
Grant, T. M. (2019). PTSD and Domestic Violence. In The Encyclopedia of Women and Crime (pp. 1–6). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118929803.ewac0426
Gurning, F., Camellia, V., Parinduri, H. T., & Effendy, E. (2020). The depression level of women suffering domestic violence in Medan, Indonesia. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 8(B), 983–987. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.3298
Hakiki, S. (2025). Kasus KDRT di Indonesia Tembus 10 Ribu Perkara per September 2025. GoodStats.id
Hidayatullah, S. (2018). Maslahah Mursalah Menurut Al-Ghazali. Al-Mizan: Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Islam, 2(1), 115–163.
Kavanagh, M., & Fassbender, C. (2024). Psychosocial Needs of Women in Domestic Violence Services; Perspectives of Domestic Violence Staff in Ireland. Journal of Family Violence. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-024-00792-y
Komnas Perempuan. (2026). Komnas Perempuan: Laporan Kekerasan Meningkat 14 Persen di 2025, Capai 376 Ribu. KumparanWoman.com
Kudaedah, N. A. (2020). Maslahah Menurut Konsep Al-Ghazali. DIKTUM, 118–128.
la O, B. C.-D., Cerda-Molina, A. L., Biagini-Alarcón, M., Mayagoitia-Novales, L., De La Cruz-López, M., & Whaley-Sánchez, J. A. (2023). Comparison of two psychotherapies in cortisol response and their efficacy in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression in women victims of intimate partner violence. Salud Mental, 46(3), 137–146. https://doi.org/10.17711/SM.0185-3325.2023.018
M, A. A. M. bin Y. bin M. (2000). Sunan Ibnu Majah. Dar al Kutub Al Ilmiyah.
Machisa, M. T., Christofides, N., & Jewkes, R. (2018). Social support factors associated with psychological resilience among women survivors of intimate partner violence in Gauteng, South Africa. Global Health Action, 11(sup3). https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2018.1491114
Mahkamah Agung RI. (2017a). Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3 Tahun 2017 tentang Pedoman Mengadili Perkara Perempuan Berhadapan dengan Hukum.
Mahkamah Agung RI. (2017b). Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2017.
Mengo, C., & Gidycz, C. (2019). When Abused Women Decide to Seek Help From a Victims Assistance Program: Their Perceived Needs and Self-Reported Mental Health Symptoms. Violence and Victims, 34(4), 613–634. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-17-00058
Najdi, F. bin A. A. A. (2002). Tathrîz Riyâdh al-Shâlihîn. Dar al Ashimah.
Nawawi, M. A. Z. Y. bin S. an. (2013). Shahih Muslim bi Syarh An Nawawi. Dar al Fajri Li at Turats.
Perempuan, K. (2025). Catahu 2024: Menata data, Menajamkan arah: Refleksi pendokumentasian dan tren kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Komnas Perempuan. komnasperempuan.go.id
Qurthubi, ِa. A. M. bin A. Al. (2006). Al-Jāmi‘ li Aḥkām al-Qur’ān. Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Qusyairi, A. K. bin H. Al. (2000). Laṭā’if al-Isyārāt. Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Republik Indonesia. (1974). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan.
Republik Indonesia. (2004). Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga.
RI, P. (1991). Instruksi Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1991 tentang Kompilasi Hukum Islam.
Shihab, M. Q. (2002). Tafsir al-Misbah: Pesan, Kesan, dan Keserasian al-Qur’an. Lentera Hati.
Sijistani, A. D. S. A. (2009). Sunan Abi Dawud. Dar al Kutub al Ilmiah.
Sullivan, C. M., & Goodman, L. A. (2019). Advocacy With Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence: What It Is, What It Isn’t, and Why It’s Critically Important. Violence Against Women, 25(16), 2007–2023. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801219875826
Tausinova, O., & Loginova, I. (2022). Psychological Сharacteristics of Women Survivors of Domestic Violence at Different Stages of Traumatization. Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Clinical Psychology, 13(1), 30–40. https://doi.org/10.34883/PI.2022.13.1.004
Walker, L. E. A. (2015). Battered-Woman Syndrome. In The Encyclopedia of Clinical Psychology (pp. 1–4). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118625392.wbecp396
Yusrial, R. (2025). 7.587 Kasus KDRT Terjadi Sepanjang 2024. Tempo.co.id
Copyright (c) 2024 Mufid Arsyad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right to first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution that allows the sharing of articles published with the acknowledgement of authorship and the initial publication in this magazine.
2) The authors are authorized to make additional contracts separately for distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (for example, publication in an institutional repository or as a chapter of the book), as long as there is recognition of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are authorized and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their personal pages) at any time before or during the editorial process, as it increases the impact and reference of the published work.
